Risk Equity: A New Proposal

Introduction .................................................... I L Existing Approaches to Risk Equity ......................... 6 A. Environmental Justice .................................. 6 B. "Individual Risk" Thresholds and Distributions .......... II C. QALY-Based Equity Analysis ............................ 16 D. Incidence Analysis ..................................... 18 E. Inclusive Equality Measurement ........................ 19 F. Cost-Benefit Analysis with Distributive Weights .......... 20 II. A New Approach: Probabilistic Population Profile A nalysis ................................................... 25 A. Social Welfare Functions and the Philosophical Basis for P P PA ................................................. 25 B. PPPA, Step by Step .................................... 28 1. The Predictive Step: Mapping Choices onto Probabilistic Population Profiles .................... 31 2. The Well-Being Step: Identifying a Utility F unction .......................................... 34 3. The Social Welfare Step: Identifying an SWF ........ 40 C. PPPA, Cost-Benefit Analysis, and Equality M easurem ent .......................................... 45 C onclusion ..................................................... 47